Commander James Bond, also known as 007, is a fictional British secret service agent created by novelist Ian Fleming for the debut novel Casino Royale in 1953. He is the protagonist in twelve Fleming novels and two short story collections, the last three published posthumously between 1964 and 1966. Following Ian Fleming's death in 1964, many continuation novels by Kingsley Amis, John Pearson, John Gardner, Raymond Benson, and Charlie Higson were published.
Albert R. Broccoli and Harry Saltzman's EON Productions started the official, authorized cinematic run of Bond in 1962, with the release of Dr. No. Since then the Bond film franchise has become one of the most successful and lucrative franchises in the film industry spanning 22 official films (23rd in the works), 2 unofficial films, and one television episode. Six actors have portrayed agent 007 in authorized films: Sean Connery, George Lazenby, Roger Moore, Timothy Dalton, Pierce Brosnan and Daniel Craig, who starred in the first official adaptation of Fleming's novel Casino Royale released on November 17, 2006.
In addition to novels and films, Bond is a prominent character in many computer and video games, comic strips and comic books and has been the subject of many parodies.
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